March 23 Woman of the Day: Patricia Roberts Harris

Patricia Roberts Harris, who joined the ancestors on March 23, 1985 is March 23 Woman of the Day.  She was the first African American woman to become a cabinet member, the first to head a law school and the first to serve as an ambassador.  Read about this pioneer woman here:

More information about Patricia Roberts Harris:

National Museum of African American History and Culture: http://go.si.edu/site/MessageViewer?em_id=17367.0&dlv_id=19421

Encyclopedia Britannica: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/255927/Patricia-Roberts-Harris

March 23 African American Historical Events

Today in Black History – March 23 *

1784 – Tom Molineaux, who will become America’s most celebrated
early boxing success, is born into slavery in Georgetown,
Washington, DC. Emigrating to London after winning money
to purchase his freedom in a fight, Molineaux challenges
champion Tom Cribb in a fight attended by 10,000 spectators
in 1810, which he will apparently win but is ruled against
by a partisan referee. After a subsequent loss to Cribb in
1811, Molineaux will sink into alcoholism and will join the
ancestors penniless in Ireland at the age of 34.

1938 – Maynard Jackson is born in Dallas, Texas. He will be elected
the first African American mayor of Atlanta, Georgia for
two terms, 1974 to 1982, and be re-elected in 1989 for an
unprecedented third term. He will join the ancestors on June
23, 2003.

1953 – Yvette Marie Stevens is born in Great Lakes, Illinois. She
will become better known as Chaka Khan, lead singer of the
rock group Rufus (winner of a 1974 Grammy) and a three-time
Grammy-winning soloist.

1955 – Moses Malone is born in Petersburg, Virginia. He will begin
his career in professional basketball in 1974 when he
becomes the first player in ABA basketball history to make
the move directly from high school ball to playing in a
professional league. He will join the now-defunct American
Basketball Association’s Utah Stars. His career will peak
during his seasons with the Philadelphia 76ers. Matched
with Julius Erving, Maurice Cheeks, Bobby Jones and Andrew
Toney in the 1982-83 season, the 76ers will lead the league
with a 65-17 regular-season record and win the championship.
He will win both NBA MVP and NBA Finals MVP that year. His
other achievements will include NBA MVP (1979, ’82), All-NBA
first team (1979, ’82, ’85), All-NBA second team (1980, ’81,
’84, ’87), NBA All-Defensive first team (1983) and NBA
All-Defensive second team (1979). He will also hold career
records for the most consecutive games without a
disqualification (1,212), most free throws made (8,531),
most offensive rebounds (6,731) and most turnovers (3,804).
He will achieve the milestone of playing his 45,000th
minute, on Dec. 14, 1994, against the Boston Celtics. He
will be recognized not only for greatness as an all-around
player, but also for his longevity, as he will play for two
ABA teams and eight NBA teams over 22 years.

1968 – Rev. Walter Fauntroy, a former aide of Martin Luther King
Jr., becomes the first non-voting congressional delegate
from the District of Columbia since the Reconstruction
period.

1985 – Patricia Roberts Harris, Cabinet Member, ambassador and
first African American woman to head a law school, joins
the ancestors in Washington, DC.

1985 – “We Are The World”, by USA for Africa, a group of 46 pop
stars, enters the music charts for the first time at number
21.

1998 – President Bill Clinton hails “the new face of Africa” as he
opens a historic six-nation tour in Ghana.

Information retrieved from the Munirah Chronicle and is edited by Rene’ A. Perry.

March 21 Woman of the Day Norma Sklarek, African American Architect

March 21 Woman of the Day is Norma Sklarek, the first licensed African American female   architect in 1954.  Information about this pioneer can be found here:

Visionary Video: http://www.visionaryproject.org/sklareknorma/

About.com: http://architecture.about.com/od/architectsaz/p/sklarek.htm

Obituary, includes slide show of Sklarek’s projects: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/10/norma-merrick-sklarek-first-black-female-licensed-architect-dies_n_1268748.html#s683993&title=Norma_Sklarek

Women in Architecture: http://women-in-architecture.com/fileadmin/wia/pdfs/PDFs_Role_Models/Norma_Merrick_Sklarek.pdf

March 20 Woman of the Day Mae C. Jemison

March 20 Woman of the Day is Mae C. Jemison, the first African American female astronaut.  Information about this pioneer can be found here:

Space.com: http://www.space.com/17169-mae-jemison-biography.html                                Short bio via YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgOaIKshbIU                            Living Smart interview: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fv4TditrXt8

Books About Mae C. Jemison:

Mae Jemison: Awesome Astronaut (Women in Science) by Jill C. Wheeler (2012)

Mae Jemison: Out of This World (Gateway Biographies) by Rose Blue (2003)

March 22 Woman of the Day: Debi Thomas, World Figure Skater Champion

March 22 Woman of the Day is Debi Thomas, the first African American woman to win a world figure skating championship on this day in 1986.  Thomas is now a doctor.  Read about this pioneer here:

Dr. Thomas: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/changingthefaceofmedicine/physicians/biography_318.html

Profile via YouTube video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lsrznhtp1nI

1986 World Figure Skating Championships, Ladies Long Program: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZK-BNn4HYg

1988 Winter Olympics, Short Program: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChmdEFrn3OY

March 22 African American Historical Events

Today in Black History – March 22 *

1492 – Alonzo Pierto, explorer of African descent, sets sail from
Spain with Christopher Columbus.

1873 – Slavery is abolished in Puerto Rico. The Spanish Crown
finally ends slavery in one of its last Latin American
colonies. Slave owners are compensated with 35 million
pesetas per slave. Despite the pronouncement of abolition,
slaves are still required to keep working for three more
years as indentured servants.

1882 – African American Shakespearean actor Morgan Smith joins the
ancestors in Sheffield, England. Smith had emigrated to
England in 1866, where he performed in Shakespeare’s Richard
III, Macbeth, Hamlet, and The Merchant of Venice, as well as
Othello.

1931 – Richard Berry Harrison receives the NAACP’s Spingarn Medal
for his role as “De Lawd” in “The Green Pastures” and for
his “long years …as a dramatic reader and entertainer,
interpreting to the mass of colored people in church and
school, the finest specimens of English drama from
Shakespeare down.”

1943 – George Benson is born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He will
begin playing the guitar at age 8, will sing in nightclubs
as a child and form a rock group at age 17. He will move to
New York City in 1963 and join Jack McDuff’s band but will
leave in 1965 to form his own group with Lonnie Smith,
Ronnie Cuber, and Phil Turner. He will become a session
guitarist in the late 1960s, working with such artists as
Miles Davis, Ron Carter, and Herbie Hancock and developing
a reputation as one of the best jazz guitarists. The release
of his triple Grammy Award-winning “Breezin'” in 1976, with
its hit single, “This Masquerade,” will mark Benson’s return
as a vocal artist. His follow-up album, “In Flight” (1977),
and his double live set “Weekend in L.A.” (1978) will
confirm his wide popularity. After “Livin’ Inside Your Love”
(1979), he will release the equally popular “Give Me the
Night” (1980), his first collaboration with Quincy Jones,
which will garner an impressive sweep of five Grammy Awards.
Later albums will include “While the City Sleeps” (1986),
“Twice the Love” (1988), “Tenderly” (1989), and “Love
Remembers” (1993).

1957 – Stephanie Mills is born in Brooklyn, New York. She will
become a singer and actress and be best known for her role
as Dorothy in the stage show of “The Wiz.” She will win a
talent show at the Apollo Theater six weeks in a row at age
nine. She will appear in the Broadway play “Maggie Flynn,”
tour with the Isley Brothers, and release her debut album
in 1973. She will land the part of Dorothy in 1975,
recording an album for Motown during the show’s four-year
run. In 1980, she will have a worldwide hit with “Never Knew
Love Like This Before,” which rises to the Top Ten in the
U.S. She will be married for a short while to Shalamar’s
Jeffrey Daniels and work with Teddy Pendergrass in 1981. In
1983, she will land a daytime television show on NBC. She
will also later play Dorothy in a revival of “The Wiz.”

1968 – Pennsylvania State troopers are mobilized to put down a
student rebellion on the campus of Cheyney State College.

1986 – Debi Thomas becomes the first African American woman to win
the world figure skating championship.

Information retrieved from the Munirah Chronicle and is edited by Rene’ A. Perry.

March 21 African American Historical Events

Today in Black History – March 21 *

1934 – Al Freeman, Jr. is born in San Antonio, Texas. He will become
an actor and will be known for his roles in “One Life to
Live,” “My Sweet Charlie,” “Once Upon A Time When We Were
Colored,” “The Autobiography of Malcolm X,” and “Down in The
Delta.” He will join the ancestors on August 9, 2012. He was
a professor in the Department of Theater Arts at Howard
University until the time of his transition.

1946 – The Los Angeles Rams sign Kenny Washington, the first African
American player to join a National Football League team since
1933.

1949 – The Rens, originally from New York, but now representing
Dayton, Ohio, play their last game against the Denver Nuggets.
Their lifetime record, amassed over 26 years, is 2,318 wins
and 381 losses. Their opponents, the Nuggets, will become
the first NBA team to be owned by African Americans, when
Bertram Lee and Peter Bynoe lead a group of investors that
buys the club in 1989.

1955 – NAACP chairman, author, and civil rights pioneer, Walter White
joins the ancestors in New York City.

1960 – Police in Sharpeville, near Johannesburg, fire on Black South
Africans protesting racial pass laws. A protest strategy
devised by the Pan-African Congress to flood South African
jails with pass violators, the protesters will suffer 72
deaths and over 200 injuries in the two days of violence that
will become known as the “Sharpeville Massacre.” The ANC is
outlawed.

1965 – Thousands of marchers complete the first leg of a five-day
freedom march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, dramatizing
the denial of voting rights for African Americans. Led by
Martin Luther King, Jr., thousands of marchers are protected
by U.S. Army troops and federalized Alabama National
Guardsmen because of violence encountered earlier, including
the fatal beating of a white minister, Reverend James J. Reeb.

1981 – Michael Donald, an African American teen-ager in Mobile,
Alabama, is abducted, tortured and killed in what prosecutors
charge is a Ku Klux Klan plot. A lawsuit brought by the
Southern Poverty Law Center on behalf of Donald’s mother,
Beulah Mae Donald, will later result in a landmark $ 7
million judgment that bankrupts The United Klans of America.

1990 – Namibia celebrates independence from South Africa.

1990 – United States Secretary of State James Baker meets Black
nationalist leader Nelson Mandela, in Namibia, on the
occasion of Namibia’s independence.

1991 – Test results released in Los Angeles show that Rodney King,
the motorist whose beating by police was videotaped by a
bystander, had marijuana and alcohol in his system following
his arrest. President Bush denounces King’s beating as
“sickening” and “outrageous.”

2011 – Disco-era singer Loleatta Holloway joins the ancestors at the
age of 64. She’s mainly known for her 1980 hit single “Love
Sensation” which has been resampled over the years by several
high-profile bands.

Information retrieved from the Munirah Chronicle and is edited by Rene’ A. Perry.

March 20 African American Historical Events

Today in Black History – March 20 *

1852 – Uncle Tom’s Cabin, by white abolitionist Harriet Beecher
Stowe, is published. The controversial novel will be
credited by many, including Abraham Lincoln, with sparking
the Civil War. Mr. Lincoln will later tell Mrs. Stowe,
that she was “the little woman who wrote the book that
started this great war”.

1852 – Martin R. Delany publishes “The Condition, Elevation,
Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the United
States,” the first major statement of the African American
nationalist position. Delany says, “The claims of no people,
according to established policy and usage, are respected by
any nation, until they are presented in a national capacity.”
He adds: “We are a nation within a nation; as the Poles in
Russia, the Hungarians in Austria, the Welsh, Irish, and
Scotch in the British dominions.”

1883 – Jan Matzeliger receives patent #274,207 for his shoe lasting
machine. His invention will revolutionize the shoe industry,
allowing for the first mass production of shoes.

1890 – The Blair Bill, which provides federal support for education
and allocates funds to reduce illiteracy among the freedmen
is defeated in the U.S. Senate, 37-31.

1950 – Dr. Ralph Bunche receives the Nobel Peace Prize for his work
as a mediator in the Palestine crisis. He is the first
African American to be so honored.

1957 – Shelton “Spike” Lee is born in Atlanta, Georgia. He will
grow up in the Fort Greene section of Brooklyn, New York,
the son of an accomplished jazz bassist and art teacher,
Bill Lee. He will become a motion picture director,
producing many of his own films. His films, among them
“She’s Gotta Have It,” “Do the Right Thing” and “Jungle
Fever” explore the social, political, and interpersonal
relationships between African Americans and whites similar
to the early work of director Oscar Micheaux.

1970 – Students strike at the University of Michigan and demand
increased African American enrollment. The strike ends on
April 2, after the administration agrees to meet their
demands.

1973 – Roberto Clemente is elected to Baseball’s Hall of Fame, 11
weeks after he joins the ancestors. He becomes the first
person of African descent to be elected to the Hall of Fame
in a special election (before the five-year waiting period).
He also is the first Hispanic to enter the Hall of Fame.

1987 – “Hollywood Shuffle” premieres. The film is directed by,
produced by, and stars Robert Townsend. Townsend also used
his own money to bring his comedic vision to the screen.

2000 – Former Black Panther Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin, once known as H.
Rap Brown, is captured in Alabama. He is wanted in the fatal
shooting of a sheriff’s deputy in Atlanta, Georgia. Al-Amin
will maintain his innocence.

Information retrieved from the Munirah Chronicle and is edited by Rene’ A. Perry.

March 19 Woman of the Day: Billie Holiday

Billie Holiday, who, along with The Count Basie Orchestra, and Jimmy Rushing, performed at the Apollo Theatre in Harlem on this day in 1937.  Information about this talented singer can be found here:

PBS: http://www.pbs.org/jazz/biography/artist_id_holiday_billie.htm                                      NPR: http://www.npr.org/artists/14894617/billie-holiday

Official Website: http://www.billieholiday.com/                                                                           Youtube Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4ZyuULy9zs

 

March 19 African American Historical Events

* Today in Black History – March 19 *

1867 – Congressman Thaddeus Stevens calls up resolution providing
for the enforcement of the Second Confiscation Act of July,
1862. The measure, which provides for the distribution of
public and confiscated land to the freedmen, is defeated.

1870 – “O Guarani,” the most celebrated opera by Afro-Brazilian
composer Antonio Carlos Gomes, premiers at the Scala Theater
in Milan, Italy. His enormous musical talent opened the
doors of the Milan Conservatory where he studied under the
guidance of the greatest opera directors of the time. Among
other operas, Gomes produces “Fosca,” “Condor,” and
“O Escravo” (The Slave).

1872 – T.J. Boyd, inventor, awarded patent for apparatus for
detaching horses from carriages.

1937 – The Count Basie Orchestra, with vocalists Billie Holiday and
Jimmy Rushing, opens at the Apollo Theatre in Harlem.

1939 – The New Negro Theater is founded in Los Angeles, California,
by Langston Hughes. The company stages as its first
performance Hughes’s play, “Don’t You Want to be Free?”

1952 – Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton is posthumously awarded the
Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery during the Korean
War. He joins the ancestors after being killed in action on
June 2, 1951.

1967 – French Somaliland (Djibouti) votes to continue association
with France.

1968 – Students take over the Administration Building at Howard
University demanding resignation of university officials
and a stronger orientation to Black culture in the
curriculum. It is the first of many college protests over
Black Studies programs on African American and white college
campuses across the nation.

1995 – Twenty one months after retiring from basketball, Michael
Jordan returns to professional basketball with his former
team, the Chicago Bulls.

Information retrieved from the Munirah Chronicle and is edited by Rene’ A. Perry.